Filipino Tagalog Speech Sounds: Determining Difference from Disorder
Categories: English Language Learners - Evaluation and Therapy
Here’s a sneak peek of one of the things we are working on:: The second edition of Difference or Disorder: Understanding Speech and Language Development in Students from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds. One of the new chapters is Filipino Tagalog Speech Sounds and Language Structures.
Filipino Facts
- Number of speakers: More than 90 million speakers worldwide
- Writing system: Latin (Filipino alphabet)
- Language Family: Austronesian
- Official language in: the Philippines
Are Filipino and Tagalog the same language?
Filipino has been the national language of the Phillipines since 1937 (Malabonga & Marinova-Todd, 2007) and it is the standard register of the Tagalog language. What exactly does that mean? One author described Filipino as “Tagalog-Plus.” Filipino is Tagalog with the addition of contributions from many other languages. Most people do not strictly differentiate between the terms Filipino and Tagalog.
Let’s take a look at the Filipino / Tagalog speech sounds as compared to English.
Filipino Tagalog Phonology and Phonotactics
Patterns of Native Language Influence: | Example: |
There are no initial word consonant clusters (except in borrowed words) so initial consonant clusters are sometimes reduced. | plank-lank
plank-pank |
Stress is phonemic and occurs on one of the last two syllables of the word | BUTterfly – butterFLY |
Replacement of /v/ with /b/ | vase – base |
Replacement of voiced and voiceless “th” with /d/ or /t/ | that – dat
math – mat |
More Languages!
Thanks to the great feedback we have gotten from those using the Difference or Disorder book, we’ve set out to make a second
Case Studies: Difference or Disorder?
We are also assembling a series of case studies to accompany the book that will provide great training opportunities for experienced SLPs, as well as graduate students and those who are newer to the field. We have many university professors lined up to try these out in their classes. Here’s a look at a portion of the chapter on Filipino/Tagalog.
If you are looking for speech therapy in Austin, Texas for a child who speaks Filipino / Tagalog, contact our Austin speech therapy clinic.
Replacement of /f/ with /p/
Replacement of /δ/ with /d/
These first substitution pattern you mention would not be expected because /f/ does exist in Tagalog. The second pattern would make sense in Tagalog-influenced English because there is no interdental voiced fricative (voiced th)
I’m confused…. the venn diagram shows /f/ only on the English side, how does it exist in Tagalog?
/f/ does not exist in Tagalog so it only shows up on the English side of the Venn diagram.
I agree with the comment above, my parents are filipino and substitute /f/ for /p/ and vice versa, /b/ and /v/ are also substituted interchangeably. This just coming from someone who grew up in a family of english second language speakers, as well as surrounded by them my whole life! 🙂
Could you share any information regarding Amharic language development? I see you mentioned it as “coming soon” in the second edition! We can’t wait to purchase that text for all district SLPs as soon as it’s published! Thanks in advance for any blog posts or information regarding Amharic.
Hi Sarah, I shared some information with you via email.
Best, Ellen
/sh/ for /tr/
/sh/ for /ch/
/sh/ for /dg/
Based on the Venn diagram, we would not expect /sh/ for /ch/ or /sh/ for /dj/ as influence patterns. There are no initial consonant clusters so /sh/ for /tr/ might not be problematic if it occurred in word initial position.
Is there any information about the language development for Tagalog? We have a student in evaluation right now with a student who speaks Tagalog and English. Thanks so much!
We haven’t digested the information out there for Tagalog and language use but there is a pretty robust Wikipedia page on it. Tagalog Language
How would a person who speaks tagalog pronounce the english /r/?
If they haven’t mastered the English r, they might produce a flap r or slightly trilled r.