Page 81 - Difference or Disorder Digital Version

Difference or Disorder?

DEVELOPMENTAL NORMS FOR SPEECH

Age Sounds
6‐8 mo Canonical babbling
8‐12 mo Variegated babbling
j
j
j
j
j
j/
j
1;8 /m, p, b, k, g, d , t , n , l , s , X , ts , consonant clusters in the medial position
j
j
j
j
emerge (/l k, s k, p k, tz k/)
1;10‐2;0 /n, t, d/
2;0‐2;6 /s, l, v, r/
2;6‐3;0 /ʧ, ʃ, ʒ, ts/
(Logoped, 2005; Povalyaeva, 2004; Gildersleeve‐Neumann & Wright, 2010)
DEVELOPMENTAL NORMS FOR PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Age of
Suppression Phonological process
1;8 Initial and/or final consonant deletion

1;10‐2;0 Consonant cluster reduction, metathesis
2;0‐2;6 Assimilation, elision, metathesis
2;6‐3;0 Assimilation decreasing, metathesis

3;0‐7;0 No phonological processes should exist except for occasional metathesis
(Logoped, 2005; Povalyaeva, 2004)

PHONOLOGY AND PHONOTACTICS

Patterns of Native Language Influence: E x a m p l e :
Replacement of voiceless “th” (θ) with /t/ or thumb – tum
/s/ in all positions or /f/ in the final position mouth – mous OR mout
Replacement of voiced “th” (ð) with /d/ or /z/ they – dey
in all positions
Replacement of /w/ with /v/ or /u/ west – vest
Omission of /g/ or replace /g/ with /k/ at the sing – sin OR sink
end of a word
Distortion of English “r” in all positions, often rabbit – rrrabbit
resembling a trill /r/ or tap /ɾ/
Replacement of /h/ with glottal fricative /x/ hat – /xat/
Short English vowels that do not occur in witch – weetch
Russian may be substituted with a long vowel
equivalent
Devoicing of voiced fricatives and plosives in knob ‐‐ nop 69
word final position
(Gildersleeve‐Neumann & Wright, 2010; Povalyaeva, 2004)

Copyright © 2014 www.bilinguistics.com. All Rights Reserved