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Chapter 11:MANDARIN
CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS FOR SPEECH
Venn Contrast: Mandarin & English Consonant Phonemes
Mandarin English
/ pʰ/ /tʰ/ /ts/ /p/ /t//k/ /b/ /d/ /g/
/tsʰ/ /ɕ/ /tɕ/ /m//ŋ/ /v/ /z/ /ʃ/
/n/ /f/ /ʒ//tʃ/ /dʒ/
/tɕʰ/ /ʂ/ /ʐ/
/s/ /l/ /θ/ /ð/ /w/ /j/
/tʂ/ /tʐ/ /kʰ/
/x/ /ɽ / /ɹ/ /h/
Venn Contrast: Mandarin & English Vowel Phonemes
Mandarin English
/i/
/e/ /ɛ/
/y/ /ɤ/ /u/ /æ/ /ʌ/
/o/ /ə/ /ɔ/ /ʊ/ /I/
/ɑ/
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(Hua, 2007). Some consider ü to be a vowel phoneme in Mandarin.
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