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Chapter

Mandarin

GENERAL INFORMATION

 Number of speakers: 2.5 million speakers of Chinese languages (includes Mandarin,

Cantonese, Hakka, etc.) in the United States (U.S. Census, 2010)

 Writing system: Pinyin

 Language Family: Sino—Tibetan—Sinitic

 Official language in: Major cities of northern and southwestern China; Taiwan

DEVELOPMENTAL NORMS FOR SPEECH

Age Sounds
1;6‐2;0 /m, t, tʰ, n, x/

2;1‐2;6 / p , pʰ, ɕ, tɕ, tɕʰ, k, kʰ/
2;7‐3;0 /f/

3;7‐4;0 /l, s, ʂ, ʐ, tɕ, tɕʰ/
>4;6 /ts, tsʰ, ʂ/
61
(Hua, 2007; Hua & Dodd, 2000) 61

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