Page 100 - Difference or Disorder Digital Version

Chapter 14: VIETNAMESE

PHONOLOGY AND PHONOTACTICS

Patterns of Native Language Influence: Example:
Replacement of voiceless “th” (θ) with /t/ or thumb – tum
/s/ in all positions mouth – mous
Replacement of voiced “th” (ð) with /d/ or they – dey
/z/ in all positions the – dee
Replacement of /v/ with /b/ in all positions very – bery
Replacement of /dʒ/ (“j”) with /j/ (“y”), or yellow – jello
vice‐versa, in initial position judge –yudge

Distortion of /ɹ/ in all positions, often /r/ can be distorted in a variety of ways
resembling a trilled /r/ in initial position
Omission or substitution of final consonants Omissions
wait – way
In Vietnamese, final consonants are voiceless eat – ee
stops (/t/, /k/, /p/ or nasals (/m/, /n/, /ŋ/); pass – pa
whereas, in English, many more consonants Substitutions
are allowed in this position. Off – op
Bad – bat
Tub – tup
Omission or distortion of consonant clusters didn’t – din

street – seet
Consonant clusters do not exist in clean – cuh‐lean

Vietnamese. Vietnamese syllables are
mostly consonant‐vowel (CV). In English,
there are a variety consonant clusters, such
as /kst/ in “mixed” and /ŋz/ in “meetings.”

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