Page 26 - Difference or Disorder Digital Version

Chapter 3: ARABIC

CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS FOR SPEECH

Venn Contrast: Arabic & English Consonant Phonemes

Arabic English

/t/ /d/
/b/ /m/ /w/
/s/ /z/ /ð/ 9 /f/ /t/ /d/ /n/
1
/p/ /v/ 1
/θ/ /ð/
͡
3
tʃ d ʒ /ɟ/
/k/ /g/ /ʒ/ 2 /ŋ/ /dʒ/ /tʃ/
4
5
/q/ /G/ /x/ /χ/ /s/ /z/ /h/
/l/ /j/ /ɹ/
6
/ħ/ /H/ /ʢ̰/ /ʕ/
/dʒ/ /ʃ/
7
/ʁ/ /γ/ /ʔ/
8
/r/ /ɾ/

Venn Contrast: Arabic & English Vowel Phonemes

Arabic English

a: /a/ /æ/ /e/
i: /i/ /o/ /ɔ/ /ʊ/

u: /u/ /ʌ/ /ɛ/

/I/ /ə/

14

1 Used in borrowed words in some dialects of Arabic. 2‐8 Used interchangeably in some dialects of Arabic. 9 Used

interchangeably in some dialects but represent distinct phonemes in other dialects. Underlined phonemes are
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emphatic and are produced with secondary pharyngeal articulation. (Amayreh, 2003; Amayreh & Dyson, 1998; Arabic
Language, 2013; Dyson & Amayreh, 2007)