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Chapter 15: AFRICAN‐AMERICAN ENGLISH

                   loneliness and was never openly received in the community.  I always knew my first dialect


                   was my connection with my community and I could never lose it in order to make others in

                   the mainstream population happy.

                          On the other hand, in school I was expected to speak Standard American English.  I


                   was presented with books and tests that were written and normalized on Standard American

                   English speakers and I was expected to be successful.  However, most teachers did not know

                   how to address the needs of students who spoke African‐American English in their lessons.


                   There were teachers who had a negative view about African‐American English, thus they

                   viewed the speaker of African‐American English as intellectually deficient.  There were other

                   teachers who did not feel comfortable speaking to the parents of African‐American English


                   speakers to design a plan to assist the learner who speaks African‐American English in the

                   schools.  As a speech‐language pathologist, I still see both of these situations occurring in the

                   school setting.  Luckily, I had awesome parents who served as my greatest advocates.  When


                   I began to have trouble in school, they believed in me and communicated the importance of

                   code‐switching.  My  parents  did  not  force  me  to  speak  Standard  American  English  in

                   elementary  or  middle  school.   My  parents,  grandparents,  and  great‐grandparents  always


                   reminded me of how beautiful African‐American English was.  My mentors reminded me of

                   how my ancestors came to America and did not have the ability to communicate with each


                   other or in the American society.  However, they were able to form a language, a dialect of

                   their own that allowed them to experience the gift of communication.  I always felt a sense

                   of pride when I heard how African‐American English was formed.  But reality was setting in; I


                   was in high school preparing for college.  Most of the tests utilized to determine my future

                   were normalized on Standard American English speakers.  I knew that when I received my
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                   scores, they would not take into account my background.  Thus, I had to learn the importance


                   of being proud of who I was, and knowing the difference of who I could be if I had the ability




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