Page 18 - Developmental Norms

Typical Phonological Processes

English Spanish
Suppressed by age: Pa ern
Example Example

English Spanish Syllabic

Ini al Consonant
3 3 (uncommon) “at” for “cat” “ato” for “gato”
Dele on

Final Consonant
3 3 “ca” for “cat” “sa” for “sal”
Dele on

“telphone” for “fermo” for
4 3 Weak Syllable Dele on
“telephone” “enfermo”

Medial Consonant
4 3 “ta_o” for “taco” “ta_o” for “taco”
Dele on

4 5 Cluster Reduc on “fat” for “flat” “faco” for “flaco”

“bwack” for
7 5 Gliding “peyo” for “pelo”
“black”

Subs tu on

Pa erns

3 3 Assimila on “tato” for “taco” “tato” for “taco”

3 3 Backing “kat” for “bat” “kate” for “bate”

3 5 Stopping “bat” for “fat” “capé” for “café”

4 3 Fron ng “bat” for “kat” “bota” for “boca”

7 5 Liquid Simplifica on “wake” for “lake” “peyo” for “pelo”

“powah” for
7 NA Vocaliza on
“power”

NA 5 Flap/Trill Devia on “datón” for “ratón”

Bedore, 2007; Fabiano and Goldstein, 2010; Goldstein and Iglesias, 2006; Shriberg, 1993

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